Treatment of Advanced Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Trachea When Radical Treatment Is Not an Option
Squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC) is the predominant histological subtype of primary tracheal malignancies. When the disease has reached an advanced stage and the patient cannot undergo radical treatment, a structured systemic approach is required.
Advanced squamous-cell carcinoma of the trachea in a patient who is not a candidate for radical treatment (surgery or definitive radiotherapy). This histological subtype is most commonly seen in smokers and men over 60 years of age.
Ineligibility for radical treatment shifts the therapeutic goal toward systemic palliation, requiring careful patient selection to identify the strategy most likely to confer benefit.
For appropriately selected patients, an immunotherapy-based strategy involving immune checkpoint inhibition may be considered as the primary systemic approach. Eligibility is guided by specific tumour characteristics determined at diagnosis.
The complete evidence-based regimen — including full eligibility criteria, agent selection, and clinical sequencing — is available in the structured protocol below.
DOI: 10.3389/or.2024.1451247
Squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant histology of primary tracheal carcinomas, typical of smokers and men over 60 years of age.
Taking into consideration clinical and histological premises, as well as data from case reports, it appears that the use of immunotherapy may be a beneficial therapeutic option for patients with advanced tracheal SCC who exhibit PD-L1 expression [V, B].
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