Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are abnormal direct connections between pulmonary arteries and veins that bypass the normal capillary bed. Even when radiographically detected incidentally and clinically silent, PAVMs carry risks that inform the management approach.
Management applies to patients with radiographically visible PAVMs — including those who are currently asymptomatic. The presence of a visible PAVM on imaging is itself the key determinant for referral, regardless of symptomatic status.
The recommended approach involves referral to specialists with expertise in a specific interventional procedure targeting the malformation — recommended across patient presentations, including asymptomatic cases.
The complete protocol — including patient selection criteria, procedural considerations, and follow-up guidance — is available via the full structured regimen.
DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-211217