Em pacientes assintomáticos com regurgitação aórtica grave crônica, as dimensões ventriculares e a função sistólica determinam quando a intervenção se torna necessária. Este protocolo abrange os limiares que fundamentam a indicação cirúrgica e as considerações que orientam a escolha do procedimento.
A cirurgia é indicada ou pode ser considerada quando qualquer um dos seguintes critérios é preenchido no contexto de RA grave crônica assintomática:
AV surgery is recommended in asymptomatic patients with severe AR and LVESD >50 mm or LVESDi >25 mm/m² [especially in patients with small body size (BSA <1.68 m²)] or resting LVEF ≤50%.
AV surgery may be considered in asymptomatic patients with severe AR and LVESDi >22 mm/m², or LVESVic >45 mL/m² [especially in patients with small body size (BSA <1.68 m²)], or resting LVEF ≤55%, if the surgical risk is low.
AV surgery is recommended in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with severe AR undergoing CABG or surgery of the ascending aorta.
AV replacement is still the standard surgical approach in most AR cases.
AV repair should be considered in selected patients with severe AR at experienced centres, when durable results are expected.
When performed by experienced surgeons in well-selected young individuals, pulmonary autograft implantation (Ross operation) may also be a good alternative to prosthetic valve replacement.
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