Ressuscitação com Fluidos Intravenosos na Pancreatite Aguda: Tratamento Baseado em Evidências
O manejo precoce com fluidos intravenosos é central no tratamento da pancreatite aguda. A abordagem depende do estado volêmico do paciente na apresentação e requer reavaliação estruturada nas primeiras 24–48 horas para orientar a ressuscitação contínua.
Metas Clínicas de Tratamento
O objetivo primário da fluidoterapia é a redução do BUN e a hemodiluição (queda do hematócrito), que refletem perfusão renal adequada e restauração volêmica. O estado de fluidos é formalmente reavaliado dentro de 6 horas da apresentação e monitorado nas 24–48 horas subsequentes.
References
DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002645
- We suggest moderately aggressive fluid resuscitation for patients with AP.
- Additional boluses will be needed if there is evidence of hypovolemia.
- We suggest using lactated Ringer solution over normal saline for intravenous resuscitation in AP.
- From this study, we can conclude that in patients with no evidence of hypovolemia, an initial resuscitation rate of no more than 1.5 mL/kg of body weight per hour should be administered.
- However, in patients with hypovolemia, clinicians should administer a bolus of 10 mL/kg.
- While the presence of hypovolemia might demand higher amounts and rates of hydration, most patients with AP will likely benefit from 3-4 L the first 24 hours, depending on body mass index.
- Fluid volumes need to be reassessed at frequent intervals within 6 hours of presentation and for the next 24-48 hours with a goal to decrease the BUN.
- In general, intravenous hydration providing for a decrease in the HCT (hemodilution) and/or decreased BUN (increased renal perfusion) have been shown to be associated with decreased morbidity and mortality.