Orbital Cellulitis
ICD-10 H05.0 · ICD-11 9A21.0

Fungal Orbital Cellulitis in Immunocompromised and Other High-Risk Patients

Orbital cellulitis caused by fungal pathogens carries distinct management considerations, particularly when it occurs in patients whose immune defences are compromised. Clinical vigilance is essential to avoid fatal complications.

Clinical Scenario

A high rate of suspicion for fungal orbital cellulitis is warranted in patients who belong to one or more of the following high-risk groups:

Immunocompromised Diabetes Mellitus Chronic Steroid Use Chronic Antibiotic Treatment

Management Approach

When fungal orbital cellulitis does not respond to first-line therapy in these high-risk populations, the treatment approach may escalate to surgical intervention — and in non-responding cases the extent of that intervention can be substantial. The full structured regimen details the specific indications and steps.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2017.12.001

A high rate of suspicion for fungal OC should arise in high-risk patients, such as immunocompromised patients, patients with diabetes mellitus, or patients under chronic steroids or antibiotic treatment.

Antifungals should be considered in cases that do not respond to first-line therapy, especially at high-risk populations.

Orbital exenteration may be necessary in non-responding cases of fungal infections in order to avoid fatal complications.

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