Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis with Acute Bleeding from Cardiofundal Gastric Varices (GOV2 / IGV1)

In patients with liver cirrhosis, acute haemorrhage from cardiofundal gastric varices — specifically gastro-oesophageal varices type 2 (GOV2) or isolated gastric varices type 1 (IGV1) — represents a distinct and urgent clinical situation that requires a targeted management approach.

Clinical scenario

Acute bleeding from cardiofundal gastric varices (gastro-oesophageal varices type 2 or isolated gastric varices type 1) in the context of liver cirrhosis.

Treatment overview

Acute gastric variceal haemorrhage in this setting is managed medically in a manner consistent with the approach used for oesophageal variceal haemorrhage. For endoscopic haemostasis, a tissue-adhesive agent is the recommended intervention for cardiofundal varices — the full sequence, selection criteria, and additional measures are detailed in the protocol.

The complete structured regimen — including endoscopic technique, medical adjuncts, and further management steps — is available via the protocol link below.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024

Acute gastric VH should be treated medically, like oesophageal VH (I;1).

Cyanoacrylate is the recommended endoscopic haemostatic treatment for cardiofundal varices (gastro-oesophageal varices type 2 or isolated gastric varices type 1) (I;2).

View source ↗