Men diagnosed with hepatic adenoma represent a distinct high-risk population. Regardless of lesion size or subtype, male sex is associated with a higher incidence of malignant transformation — a factor that significantly shapes clinical decision-making for this group.
When surgical resection is not an option, a nonsurgical pathway is pursued. This begins with biopsy, after which lesion-directed intervention is considered — the specific modality and criteria for selection are defined in the full protocol.
DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002857
For males, regardless of size or subtype, adenomas should be surgically resected or treated definitively because of the higher incidence of malignancy.
Men with hepatic adenomas should consider surgical resection regardless of lesion size because of elevated risk of malignant transformation.
A biopsy is not advised before surgical resection but should be performed if the patient is not a surgical candidate and will require nonsurgical therapies such as ablation (based on size of lesion) or embolization.
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