This protocol covers benign inferior vena cava syndrome arising from chronic obstruction or stenosis of the inferior vena cava lumen — specifically in patients with congenital IVC abnormalities and/or a history of previous IVC thrombosis. Identifying which aetiology is present directly shapes the therapeutic approach.
Benign IVCS most often results from chronic obstructions or stenoses of the IVC due to congenital IVC abnormalities and/or previous IVC thrombosis. Both can produce significant venous outflow impairment requiring targeted intervention, and their distinction influences downstream management decisions covered in the full protocol.
Management centres on endovascular intervention directed at the obstructed or stenotic IVC segment. The full protocol details the specific techniques, device considerations, and an important adjunctive strategy that applies when the obstruction relates to a prior thrombotic history — complete sequencing and selection criteria are in the structured regimen below.
DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000919
Benign IVCS most often results from chronic obstructions or stenoses of the IVC due to congenital IVC abnormalities and/or previous IVC thrombosis.
As was reported by Neglén et al. and Delis et al. successful IVC stenting not only translated into clinical improvement, but also into improvement of venous hemodynamic parameters like venous outflow fraction, calf muscle pump function, venous pressure, and venous reflux.
Figures 3A–3C illustrate a rare case of a restenosis after implantation of a IVC-prothesis treated by venous stenting and PTA.
In IVCS related to a previous thrombosis long-term anticoagulation may be preferred.
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