सिस्टिक फाइब्रोसिस, आहार कुअवशोषण, या समय से पहले जन्म वाले नवजात शिशुओं में विटामिन K की कमी का उपचार

References

• Premature (born before 37 weeks of pregnancy).
• Failing to take or absorb feeds.
• Complicated birth e.g. breech, assisted or caesarean birth.
• Babies who are unwell in the newborn period.
• Have liver disease (which may show itself as jaundice lasting more than two weeks, or have other symptoms e.g. pale stools and or dark urine).
• Have bleeding or spontaneous bruising in early infancy or who are ill from other causes.
• Babies with malabsorption diseases such as cystic fibrosis or hepatobiliary diseases such as biliary atresia.
• Mothers who have been taking certain enzyme-inducing drugs that antagonise vitamin K in the baby: Anticonvulsant drugs i.e. carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin; Anticoagulant therapy: Warfarin; Treatment for tuberculosis: rifampicin.
• NOTE: These babies must have prophylactic Vitamin K given parenterally (i.e. Not oral route).
• It should be administered as soon as practicable after birth, and definitely within 24 hours. This is a ONCE only dose.
• 1mg of Vitamin K Intramuscularly.
• This should be calculated using the following formula of 400micrograms/kg (maximum doses of 1mg) and is weight dependent.