टखने के ऑस्टियोआर्थराइटिस का उपचार: मौखिक दर्दनाशक दवाएं कब संकेतित होती हैं?

References

DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2022.03.009.

Though duloxetine is approved for OA in some countries, there were only conditional or weak recommendations for its use across all guidelines, reflecting general concerns about efficacy and tolerability.

Opioids, including tramadol, are generally not recommended, though guidelines did acknowledge that in some cases, such as in instances of contraindications, intolerance to, or inadequate response to NSAIDs, tramadol can be considered for pain relief in the absence of other viable options.