This protocol addresses hepatocellular carcinoma presenting at BCLC Stage D — the terminal stage of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification — in patients with an ECOG performance status of 3 or 4.
The BCLC staging system stratifies hepatocellular carcinoma from very early (Stage 0) through Stages A, B, C, and D. Stage D designates terminal-stage disease. In this population, performance status is severely compromised (ECOG 3–4), reflecting significant functional decline and limited tolerance for intensive intervention.
DOI: 10.1097/HEP.0000000000000466
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