When a transverse vaginal septum obstructs outflow, menstrual blood accumulates in the vagina — a condition known as haematocolpos. This structural anomaly requires targeted surgical correction to restore vaginal continuity and prevent long-term complications.
A transverse vaginal septum is a class IA anomaly according to the ASRM classification. It is thought to arise from the failure of tissue resorption between the sinovaginal bulb and the caudal tip of the fused Müllerian ducts, creating a physical barrier that blocks vaginal outflow and leads to haematocolpos.
Management requires surgical correction of the obstructing septum. The procedure centres on complete removal of the septum followed by operative reconstruction of vaginal continuity. Specific reconstructive techniques are employed to reduce the risk of postoperative stenosis, and the approach is adapted depending on the thickness of the septum. The full procedural protocol is detailed in the structured regimen.