Folliculitis
ICD-10 L73.9 · ICD-11 1B74

Folliculitis in HIV Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Immune recovery inflammatory folliculitis is a distinct form of folliculitis that can arise in HIV-positive patients following initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), particularly in those who mount a good immunologic response to treatment.

Clinical Scenario

As HAART restores immune function, it can induce regression of certain skin problems. However, the reconstituted immune system may begin to recognise previously nonpathogenic organisms residing in hair follicles — triggering an inflammatory response and leading to immune recovery inflammatory folliculitis in patients with effective immune reconstitution.

Treatment Approach

Management of this condition involves a topical corticosteroid-based approach. The complete protocol — including specific agents, selection criteria, and follow-up guidance — is available via the structured evidence-based regimen.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

DOI: 10.2165/00128071-200405050-00003

The restoration of immune function with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can induce a regression of some skin problems.

However, this restoration against previously nonpathogenic infectious agents (i.e. D. folliculorum, Pityrosporum spp.) results in recognition of the agent by the immune system and may lead to the development of immune recovery inflammatory folliculitis in patients with a good immunologic response.

The condition regresses after topical corticosteroid therapy.

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