¿Cuál Es el Tratamiento del Síndrome de Ovario Poliquístico? Protocolo de Estilo de Vida de Primera Línea
El síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) requiere un enfoque estructurado y basado en evidencia desde el inicio. El protocolo de primera línea se fundamenta en la intervención sobre el estilo de vida y se aplica de forma universal, con componentes adicionales adaptados a quienes presentan exceso de peso.
Visión general del enfoque
La estrategia recomendada es una intervención multicomponente sobre el estilo de vida — que combina modificación dietética, actividad física estructurada y estrategias conductuales — con los componentes específicos, los objetivos y el marco detallados en el protocolo completo.
Objetivo clínico
En personas con exceso de peso, una reducción del 5–10% del peso corporal en seis meses se define como un resultado de tratamiento exitoso y se asocia con una mejora clínica significativa.
References
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.07.025
- Healthy lifestyle behaviours encompassing healthy eating and regular physical activity should be recommended in all those with PCOS to achieve and/or maintain healthy weight and to optimise hormonal outcomes, general health, and QoL across the life course.
- Lifestyle intervention (preferably multicomponent including diet, exercise and behavioural strategies) should be recommended in all those with PCOS and excess weight, for reductions in weight, central obesity and insulin resistance.
- To achieve weight loss in those with excess weight, an energy deficit of 30% or 500 - 750 kcal/day (1,200 to 1,500 kcal/day) could be prescribed for women, also considering individual energy requirements, body weight and physical activity levels.
- In adults from 18 – 64 years, a minimum of 150 min/week of moderate intensity physical activity or 75 min/week of vigorous intensities or an equivalent combination of both, including muscle strengthening activities on 2 non-consecutive days/week.
- Lifestyle interventions could include behavioural strategies such as goal-setting, self-monitoring, stimulus control, problem solving, assertiveness training, slower eating, reinforcing changes and relapse prevention, to optimise weight management, healthy lifestyle and emotional wellbeing in women with PCOS.
- Achievable goals such as 5% to 10% weight loss in those with excess weight yields significant clinical improvements and is considered successful weight reduction within six months.
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