This protocol is specific to patients presenting with primary cranial dystonia (excluding oromandibular involvement) or primary cervical dystonia — two distinct focal sub-types that share a defined evidence-based management path.
Primary cervical dystonia is a key sub-population explicitly covered by this protocol. Alongside primary cranial dystonia (excluding oromandibular), it represents a well-characterised group for which guideline-level evidence supports a structured treatment approach.
The regimen for this scenario involves a surgical neuromodulation procedure targeting a specific deep brain structure. Candidate selection, procedural parameters, and follow-up are defined in the full protocol.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2010.03042.x
BoNT/A (or type B if there is resistance to type A) can be regarded as first-line treatment for primary cranial (excluding oromandibular) or cervical dystonia (level A).
Pallidal DBS can be considered a good option for cervical dystonia, after medication or BoNT has failed to provide adequate improvement (level B).
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