This protocol applies to patients with Type 1 biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction who have undergone biliary sphincterotomy during ERCP but continue to experience biliary-type pain without achieving long-term relief.
The patient presents with biliary pain fulfilling all three of the following objective findings:
This protocol defines the recommended next clinical step when that goal has not been met.
When biliary sphincterotomy has not resolved biliary-type pain, management shifts to pharmacologic treatment — including an agent from the class of tricyclic antidepressants. The complete options, selection criteria, and regimen details are available in the full protocol.
Resolution or improvement of biliary-type pain.
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144802
Biliary pain and all 3 of the following:
Serum aminotransferases: elevation of serum-aminotransferases above 2 times the upper limit on 2 or more occasions.
CBD* dilation: above 10 mm on US ** or above 12 mm on ERCP ***.
Delayed drainage of contrast from the CBD * on ERCP ***.
Pharmacological treatments included a combination of nitrates, tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline) and/or analgesics, and patients were followed for a median of 15 months.
At follow-up, 15.3% of patients reported complete symptom resolution, 59.3% improvement, 22% unchanged symptoms, and 3.4% deterioration.
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