Treatment of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome with Intrinsic Muscle Atrophy When Prior Ulnar Nerve Transfer Did Not Restore Hand Function

This protocol applies to patients with cubital tunnel syndrome presenting with first dorsal interosseous muscle weakness or intrinsic hand muscle atrophy and a decreased compound muscle action potential amplitude on electrodiagnostic studies — in whom a prior surgical nerve transfer approach failed to achieve the expected neurological and functional recovery.

Clinical Presentation

The defining electrodiagnostic and clinical features of this scenario include:

Why the Prior Surgical Approach Was Not Sufficient

The previous treatment — in situ decompression of the ulnar nerve at the cubital tunnel with supercharge end-to-side anterior interosseous nerve to ulnar motor nerve transfer (and Guyon's canal release where double crush syndrome was present) — was expected to achieve the following goals. This protocol applies when those goals were not met at 6 to 7 months after nerve transfer:

Next-Step Management

When the prior nerve transfer approach does not achieve the expected functional and electrodiagnostic recovery, a revision surgical procedure involving transposition of the ulnar nerve is the next step. The complete structured protocol — including the specific operative approach and decision criteria — is available in the full regimen.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsg.2022.07.008

Severe findings of EDX include decreased CMAP with/without abnormal electromyography findings.

Hand weakness, clawing.

Atrophy of intrinsic hand muscles with profound sensory disturbances.

The most common revision surgery is submuscular transposition of the ulnar nerve (75%).

In the revision setting, we recommend anterior submuscular transposition.

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