Cholesteatoma is a destructive middle-ear condition that requires definitive surgical management. Left untreated it causes progressive bone erosion and hearing loss; the treatment goal is a safe, dry ear with restored hearing.

Surgical Approach

The mainstay of treatment is mastoid surgery — an operative procedure that removes disease, works to restore hearing through ossicle reconstruction, and addresses the ear canal. Intraoperative precautions are taken to protect the facial nerve, and perioperative medication may be used when facial nerve involvement is present. The complete step-by-step protocol, including all procedural and perioperative detail, is in the full regimen below.

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The mainstay of treatment for cholesteatoma is mastoid surgery with the aim of providing a safe, dry, waterproof and hearing ear.
The procedure is performed through a postauricular incision under general anaesthetic.
A concurrent aim of surgery is to restore the hearing with reconstruction of the ossicles.
The integrity of the facial nerve is safeguarded, in part, by the use of a facial nerve monitor during surgery.
Mastoid surgery is often associated with an enlargement of the entrance of the ear canal or meatoplasty.
Steroids are given in the peri-operative period to facilitate recovery of the facial nerve.

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What Is the Treatment for Cholesteatoma?

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