Central sleep apnea
ICD-10 G47.3 · ICD-11 7A40

Treating Central Sleep Apnea Caused by Medication or Substance Use

Clinical Scenario

This protocol applies to central sleep apnoea (CSA) that arises from use of an offending medication or substance — including opioids, baclofen, gabapentinoids, and ticagrelor. Medication-induced CSA is sometimes misclassified as primary CSA, making correct recognition an essential first step: identifying the causative agent directly determines the management path.

Treatment Approach

Management centres on addressing the offending agent. The approach may involve cessation, dose modification, or substitution with an appropriate alternative — the specific strategy depends on which medication is responsible. Additional pharmacological switching options exist for certain causative agents.

The complete decision sequence, including criteria for each option, is available in the full protocol below.

Treatment Goal

Reversal of central sleep apnoea.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0235-2023

Recognition of medication-induced CSA, which is sometimes misclassified as primary CSA, is an important first step in its management, as withdrawal of the offending medication will reverse the disorder.

Treatment involves cessation of the offending drug and switching to an alternative (i.e. an alternative anti-platelet or anti-epileptic drug).

View source ↗