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References

DOI: 10.1186/s40560-023-00658-3

• In ARF, the choice between the use of nasal cannula, HFNC, NPPV, or invasive positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) is based on the presence of underlying disease and severity of hypoxemia.
• It seems appropriate to follow the traditional oxygenation strategy that avoids excess hypoxemia and hyperoxemia.
• PaO2 was maintained between 70 and 110 mmHg in both groups in all studies.
• HFNC was weakly recommended for ARF over NPPV due to a systematic review reporting that HFNC for ARF is associated with lower mortality and a lower intubation rate compared to NPPV.