Acute suppurative parotitis is a bacterial infection of the parotid gland requiring prompt, structured management. Effective first-line treatment combines targeted supportive care with antibiotic therapy guided by microbiological findings.

Clinical approach

Rehydration is the cornerstone of initial management, combined with antibiotic therapy directed at the likely causative organism.

The full regimen — including agent selection, culture-guided tailoring, and supportive-care details — is available in the complete protocol.

Treatment goals

Improvement of symptoms within 3 to 5 days of antibiotic therapy
Reduction of parotid gland swelling
Resolution of fever and pain

References

DOI: 10.1053/joms.2002.31234

However, the key in the treatment of ASP is rehydration.
Initial medical therapy should include intravenous fluids, nutritional support, warm compress, sialogogues, good oral hygiene, and antibiotic therapy.
Because most cases of ASR are due to S aureus, the first drug of choice should be an antistaphylococcal penicillin (nafcillin, oxacillin, Unasyn, Augmentin), first-generation cephalosporin (cephazolin), or clindamycin.
The antibiotic therapy can be tailored to the specific organisms once culture and sensitivity are available.
A review of the literature supports antibiotic therapy for 10 to 14 days.

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Treatment of Acute Suppurative Parotitis: Evidence-Based First-Line Approach

References