Acute epididymo-orchitis
ICD-10 N45 · ICD-11 GB02.0

Suspected STI-Related Epididymo-Orchitis With No Improvement at Day 3

This protocol covers patients with epididymo-orchitis where a sexually transmitted aetiology is suspected — particularly younger men under 35 presenting with urethral discharge or urethritis — who have not shown adequate symptom improvement after three days on initial first-line treatment.

Clinical Scenario

In men under 35, sexually transmitted pathogens ascending from the urethra are the predominant cause of epididymitis. This sub-population typically presents with features of urethral involvement — discharge or urethritis — alongside the epididymal and testicular inflammation.

Previous Treatment & Escalation Trigger

The first-line approach for sexually transmitted epididymo-orchitis is Ceftriaxone plus Doxycycline, together with analgesia, rest, and scrotal support. This next-line protocol is indicated when symptom improvement has not occurred by day 3 of that initial regimen.

Next-Line Approach

After failure of initial therapy, an oral fluoroquinolone antibiotic is the treatment of choice — the specific agent and the full course details are set out in the structured protocol.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

DOI: 10.1177/0956462417699356

It is usually caused by either sexually transmitted pathogens ascending from the urethra or non-sexually transmitted uropathogens spreading from the urinary tract.

Historically, STIs have been attributed as the predominant cause for epididymitis in the < 35 age group and enteric pathogens in the > 35 age group.

Ofloxacin 200 mg twice daily for 14 days IIB; OR

Levofloxacin 500 mg once daily for 10 days IIIB

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