Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction
ICD-10 K56.0 · ICD-11 DB32.0

Acute Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction Without Ischemia: What to Do When Endoscopic Decompression Fails to Resolve Colonic Distention

This protocol addresses patients with acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) — massive dilation of the large intestine without a mechanical cause — who have no ischemia, no perforation, and no signs of peritonitis, but in whom endoscopic decompression has not achieved resolution of colonic distention.

Clinical Scenario

Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction without ischemia, without perforation, and without signs of peritonitis. Conservative and pharmacologic approaches, as well as endoscopic management, have already been attempted and have not produced the required clinical result.

Previous Step — Goal Not Achieved

The preceding intervention was colonic decompression with decompression tube placement, performed by an experienced endoscopist using water infusion and minimal insufflation, with appropriate sedation. The required goal — resolution of colonic distention — was not achieved. This protocol describes the next appropriate step after that failure.

Next Step — Approach (Partial Overview)

When conservative, pharmacologic, and endoscopic options have all failed, surgical intervention is the appropriate next step in management. The full protocol specifies which surgical approach applies to this clinical situation.

Instant Access to Structured Evidence-Based Regimens

References

  1. ACPO, synonymous with Ogilvie's syndrome, is characterized by an acute presentation of massive dilation of the large intestine in the absence of a mechanical etiology.
  2. In patients with uncomplicated ACPO (absence of ischemia, peritonitis, cecal diameter >12 cm, and/or significant abdominal pain), conservative management remains first-line therapy.
  3. For patients in whom conservative, pharmacologic, and endoscopic treatment options fail, surgical intervention is the next appropriate step in management.
  4. Surgical treatment options include surgically placed cecostomy tube, percutaneous cecostomy, or subtotal colectomy.
  5. An alternate method of decompression includes percutaneous endoscopic colostomy of the cecum (PEC-cecum), which can be used in the treatment of cecal volvulus and ACPO.
DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2019.09.007